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#VOC #vereenigde oostindische compagnie #dutch east india company #trade monopoly #spices

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#VOC Hoorn #dutch east india company #dutch golden age #hoorn history #trading port

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#VOC #dutch east india company #netherlands china trade #historical trade #maritime history #sino dutch relations

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#dutch east india company #VOC #global trade #merchant wealth #17th century netherlands #dutch republic

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#dutch east india company #VOC history #second charter #historical trade #vereenigde oostindische compagnie #17th century trade

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#amboyna massacre #amboyna conspiracy #dutch east india company #VOC #anglo-dutch relations #spice trade conflict #1623

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#year 1602 #historical date #seventeenth century #dutch east india company #17th century

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#batavia port #sunda kelapa #spice trade #VOC Indonesia #dutch east india company

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#stadthuys malacca #dutch colonial #red buildings #malacca history #dutch east india company #VOC